|
Glands
and Hormones
|
Functions
of Hormones
|
|
Posterior pituitary
Gland
|
|
|
Antidiuretic
(ADH)
|
Stimulates
water reabsorption by kidneys
|
|
Oxytocin
|
Stimulates
uterine muscle contractions and release of milk by mammary glands
|
|
Anterior Pituitary
|
|
|
Thyroid
stimulating (TSH)
|
Stimulates
thyroid
|
|
Adrenocorticotropic
(ACTH)
|
Stimulates
adrenal cortex
|
|
Gonadotropic
(FSH, LH)
|
Egg
and sperm production, sex hormone production
|
|
Prolactin
(PRL)
|
Milk
production
|
|
Growth
(GH)
|
Cell
division, protein synthesis and bone growth
|
|
``
|
|
|
Thyroxine
(T4)
|
Increase
metabolic rate, regulates growth and development
|
|
Triiodothyronie
(T3)
|
Increase
metabolic rate, regulates growth and development
|
|
Calcitonin
|
Lowers
blood calcium level
|
|
Parathyroids
|
|
|
Parathyroid
(PTH)
|
Raises
blood calcium level
|
|
Adrenal Cortex
|
|
|
Glucocorticoids
(cortisol)
|
Raise
blood gluclose level, stimulates breakdown of protein
|
|
Mineralocorticoids
(aldosterone
|
Reabsorb
sodium and excrete potassium
|
|
Sex
Hormones
|
Stimulates
reproductive organs and brings on sex characteristics
|
|
Adrenal Medulla
|
|
|
Epinephrine
|
Released
in emergency situations, raises blood glucose level, “fight or flight”
response
|
|
norepinephrine
|
Released
in emergency situations, raises blood glucose level, “fight or flight”
response
|
|
Pancreas
|
|
|
Insulin
|
Lowers
blood glucose levels, promotes formation of glycogen
|
|
Glucagon
|
Raises
blood glucose levels
|
|
Testes
|
|
|
Androgens
(testosterone)
|
Stimulates
male sex characteristics
|
|
Ovaries
|
|
|
Estrogen
|
Stimulates
female sex characteristics
|
|
Progesterone
|
Stimulates
female sex characteristics
|
|
Pineal Gland
|
|
|
Melatonin
|
Controls
circadian and circannual rhythms, possibly involved in maturation of sexual
organs
|
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